Features for Burmese

This language is cloned from WALS. If you need to cite or disagree with any data on this language, you will have to do so at WALS, not here.

Consonant Inventories ^WALS	Moderately large
Vowel Quality Inventories ^WALS	Large (7-14)
Consonant-Vowel Ratio ^WALS	Average
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives ^WALS	In both plosives and fricatives
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems ^WALS	None missing in /p t k b d g/
Uvular Consonants ^WALS	None
Glottalized Consonants ^WALS	No glottalized consonants
Lateral Consonants ^WALS	/l/, no obstruent laterals
The Velar Nasal ^WALS	Initial velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization ^WALS	Contrast absent
Front Rounded Vowels ^WALS	None
Syllable Structure ^WALS	Moderately complex
Tone ^WALS	Complex tone system
Absence of Common Consonants ^WALS	All present
Presence of Uncommon Consonants ^WALS	'Th' sounds

Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives ^WALS	Exclusively concatenative
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives ^WALS	Monoexponential case
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb ^WALS	2-3 categories per word
Locus of Marking in the Clause ^WALS	Dependent marking
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases ^WALS	Dependent marking
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology ^WALS	Dependent-marking
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology ^WALS	Strongly suffixing
Reduplication ^WALS	Full reduplication only
Case Syncretism ^WALS	No case marking
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking ^WALS	No subject person/number marking

Number of Genders ^WALS	None
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems ^WALS	No gender
Systems of Gender Assignment ^WALS	No gender
Coding of Nominal Plurality ^WALS	Plural word
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns ^WALS	Number-indifferent pronouns
The Associative Plural ^WALS	Associative same as additive plural
Definite Articles ^WALS	No definite or indefinite article
Indefinite Articles ^WALS	No definite or indefinite article
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns ^WALS	'We' the same as 'I'
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection ^WALS	No person marking
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives ^WALS	Two-way contrast
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives ^WALS	Unrelated
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns ^WALS	3rd person singular only
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns ^WALS	Pronouns avoided for politeness
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns ^WALS	Identical
Person Marking on Adpositions ^WALS	No person marking
Number of Cases ^WALS	8-9 cases
Asymmetrical Case-Marking ^WALS	Symmetrical
Position of Case Affixes ^WALS	Case suffixes
Ordinal Numerals ^WALS	Various
Distributive Numerals ^WALS	Marked by suffix
Numeral Classifiers ^WALS	Obligatory
Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers ^WALS	Formally similar, with interrogative

Obligatory Possessive Inflection ^WALS	Absent
Possessive Classification ^WALS	No possessive classification
Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses ^WALS	Genitives and relative clauses collapsed
Adjectives without Nouns ^WALS	Without marking
Action Nominal Constructions ^WALS	Other
Noun Phrase Conjunction ^WALS	'And' identical to 'with'

Perfective/Imperfective Aspect ^WALS	No grammatical marking
The Past Tense ^WALS	No past tense
The Future Tense ^WALS	No inflectional future
The Perfect ^WALS	From 'finish', 'already'
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes ^WALS	Tense-aspect suffixes
The Morphological Imperative ^WALS	No second-person imperatives
The Prohibitive ^WALS	Normal imperative + special negative
Imperative-Hortative Systems ^WALS	Neither type of system
The Optative ^WALS	Inflectional optative absent
Situational Possibility ^WALS	Other kinds of markers
Epistemic Possibility ^WALS	Other
Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking ^WALS	Overlap for either possibility or necessity
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality ^WALS	No grammatical evidentials
Coding of Evidentiality ^WALS	No grammatical evidentials
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect ^WALS	None
Verbal Number and Suppletion ^WALS	None

Order of Subject, Object and Verb ^WALS	SOV
Order of Subject and Verb ^WALS	SV
Order of Object and Verb ^WALS	OV
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb ^WALS	No dominant order
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase ^WALS	Postpositions
Order of Genitive and Noun ^WALS	Genitive-Noun
Order of Adjective and Noun ^WALS	Noun-Adjective
Order of Demonstrative and Noun ^WALS	Demonstrative-Noun
Order of Numeral and Noun ^WALS	Noun-Numeral
Order of Relative Clause and Noun ^WALS	Relative clause-Noun
Order of Degree Word and Adjective ^WALS	Degree word-Adjective
Position of Polar Question Particles ^WALS	No question particle
Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions ^WALS	Not initial interrogative phrase
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause ^WALS	Subordinating suffix
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase ^WALS	OV and Postpositions
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun ^WALS	OV and RelN
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun ^WALS	OV and NAdj
Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb ^WALS	ObligDoubleNeg
Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object and Verb ^WALS	ObligDoubleNeg

Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases ^WALS	Nominative - accusative (standard)
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns ^WALS	Nominative - accusative (standard)
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	Neutral
Expression of Pronominal Subjects ^WALS	Optional pronouns in subject position
Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	No person marking
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking ^WALS	No person marking
Order of Person Markers on the Verb ^WALS	A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' ^WALS	Double-object construction
Reciprocal Constructions ^WALS	No reciprocals
Passive Constructions ^WALS	Absent
Antipassive Constructions ^WALS	No antipassive
Applicative Constructions ^WALS	No applicative construction
Periphrastic Causative Constructions ^WALS	Purposive but no sequential
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions ^WALS	Both
Negative Morphemes ^WALS	Double negation
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation ^WALS	Asymmetric
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation ^WALS	A/Cat
Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation ^WALS	Predicate negation also present
Polar Questions ^WALS	Interrogative verb morphology
Predicative Possession ^WALS	Locational
Predicative Adjectives ^WALS	Verbal encoding
Nominal and Locational Predication ^WALS	Different
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals ^WALS	Possible
Comparative Constructions ^WALS	Locational

Relativization on Subjects ^WALS	Gap
Relativization on Obliques ^WALS	Gap
'Want' Complement Subjects ^WALS	Subject is left implicit

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