p, b, t, d, c, ɟ, k, g, q, ɢ (p, b, t, d, c, cj, k, g, q, qg) ɸ, s, ʂ, ʃ, x, xʷ, h (f, s, z, sh, x, xw, h) p', t', ʈ', c', k', q' (p', t', tz', c', k', q') m, ᵐb, n, ⁿd, ŋ, ᵑg (m, mb, n, nd, ng, ngg) r, l, l̥, j, dʒ, w (r, l, hl, y, j, w)
a, e, i, o, u, ə (a, e, i, o, u, v)
Tense and aspect are fused as one morpheme. Irregular verbs so far: zol "to be" (i need to find the forms for this) toh "to hear" -> to- with affixes starting with z-; tohl- with perfectives hes "to think" + heqg (imperfect irrealis) = heqg xohl "to strike or hit" -> xol- with affixes starting with z-; + heqg = xoleqg shet "to give" -> shek- with affixes starting with z- Not counting verbs where the sh-z harmony rule applies. (All instances of the phonemes /ʂ/ and /ʃ/ in a word assimilate into whichever of the two is the first to appear. Xwasvngzengshab. /xʷa.səŋ.ʂeŋ.ʂab/ instead of /xʷa.səŋ.ʂeŋ.ʃab/)
There is no specific *polar* question particle, but the interrogative in general is shown through a question particle.
An instance of split ergativity here. The verb has a 'subject slot' and an 'object slot'. The subject slot can have both absolutive or ergative person agreement depending on the transitivity, but the object slot can only house the absolutive (in purely active situations). The subject slot is a prefix, while the object slot is a suffix.
Imperfect and/or durative verbs receive the verb zol between the negative particle and the verb, inflected only for tense; the same tense as the main verb. I suppose this counts as affecting the finiteness of the verb; there is no real non-finite form of verbs. Negated imperfect/durative verbs still show the same information as they would in an affirmative situation. Ta zol bashyawkvj. /ta ʂol ba.ʃjaw.kədʒ/ ɴᴇɢ ᴄᴏᴘ 1.ᴘʟ.ᴇxᴄ.ᴀʙs-blood-drink “We don’t drink blood.”
This identity did not happen through semantic shift but rather through phonological change. finger *pɛ -> ɸe hand *ɸe: -> ɸe
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